I have several folders under my documents. I need when I go into each folder to have the columns be different. How on earth do I do this?
You can use Content types as Beau mentioned but would caution when you have a lot of content types available for a single library.
Another alternative is to create separate Libraries instead of using folders so that Views are setup separately for each instance. This also avoids having empty columns when displaying entries that will not use certain metadata.Â
From a UI perspective this is not possible. Columns are defined on a list and content type level. If you want are hoping to have documents that have different columns than other documents, you need to create new content types.
here is a great post on content types.
https://support.office.com/en-us/article/introduction-to-content-types-and-content-type-publishing-e1277a2e-a1e8-4473-9126-91a0647766e5